First, what are the structural components of crane pipe
Crane tube, also known as liquid loading and unloading arm, is composed of rotary joint, inner arm, outer arm, vertical pipe (mainly land), three-dimensional joint (mainly Marine), balancer, control system and other components, mainly used in the loading and unloading equipment of truck, train tank car or tank ship for loading and unloading liquid media.
1. Column
In order to rationalize the force of the pipeline, it is used to support the weight of the arm, disperse the load of the rotary joint, and install firmly. The column and the trestle can be bolted or welded when assembling.
2. The inner arm is locked
It is used to lock the arm in the holding position when the arm is in the holding position, so as to prevent damage to the arm or surrounding buildings due to strong winds or non-operator operation.
3. Interface
The connecting part of the arm and the pipeline, the general interface and the pipeline are connected by a flange.
4, rotary joint
For the rotating movement of the arm to meet the normal range of use (envelope range), the conventional crane pipe uses 4 or 5 rotating joints to achieve three-dimensional movement and the docking of the flange interface.
5. Inner arm
The part between the connecting interface and the outer arm can be rotated on a horizontal plane.
6. Outer arm
As the main part of the crane tube, it can realize the rotation range of 360° horizontal direction and 75° vertical direction.
7, gas tube (AL1412/3 type)
Using stainless steel metal hose, export volatile gas medium.
8. Vertical tube
The loading and unloading arm is extended into the tank car, and the aluminum alloy vertical pipe overcomes the possible harm caused by the collision between the steel material and the tank car.
9. Balance system
Used to balance the weight of the outer arm and the vertical pipe, so that the arm operation is flexible and light. The balance system is a spring cylinder, and the spring in the cylinder is a compression spring.
10, vacuum short-circuit valve/exhaust valve
The vacuum short-circuit valve ensures that the residual medium is drained from the crane pipe, and the exhaust valve is used to discharge the gas from the vertical pipe of the crane pipe.
11. Audible and visual liquid level alarm (optional)
The liquid level probe is installed on the vertical head of the pipe, when the liquid medium in the tank truck is close to the mouth of the tank, it can remind the operator to close the valve, and can be linked with the control electro-hydraulic valve.
Second, what is the working principle of crane pipe
Crane tube is a common fluid control element, its working principle is based on the principle of fluid dynamics. The main function of the crane tube is to convert the pressure energy of the fluid into kinetic energy, so as to realize the control and regulation of the fluid.
The structure of the crane pipe is relatively simple, usually consisting of a long and thin pipe and a contracted cross-section. As the fluid passes through the pipe, due to the contraction of the pipe, the speed of the fluid increases while the pressure decreases. This is because according to the law of conservation of mass, when a fluid passes through a contracted cross-section, its mass flow must remain constant, and the velocity is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area, so the velocity will increase.
According to Bernoulli's theorem, the total energy of a fluid must remain constant as it passes through the tube. As a result, when a fluid passes through a contracted cross-section, its kinetic energy increases and its pressure energy decreases.
Because the working principle of crane tube is based on the principle of fluid dynamics, its application range is very wide. Crane tube can be used for flow regulation, pressure control, liquid level control and so on. In the industrial production, crane pipe is widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power and other fields, has played a very important role.